Research Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Research Proposal - Essay Example Pursuance of green sources of energy led Nevada and other neighbouring state to establish Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) regulation, which mandated the increase production of energy from renewable sources. For the state of Nevada, the RPS regulation required all energy producers to gradually increase the production of energy from renewable sources to 25% by the year 2025 out of which 6% must come from solar energy sources by the year 2016 (NECD, 2011). The strong emphasis on the use of solar energy is representative of the fact that Nevada is one of the best places in the United States where solar energy can be used. The purpose of this study is to establish the potential of Nevada's solar energy and its suitability as a source of energy for fulfilling current and future energy needs of Nevada in comparison with other alternative sources of energy. Statement of the Problem As the state of Nevada have been actively pursuing the strategy of using more renewable resources then conve ntional ones, research has been done measuring the total potential of each renewable resource in the state of Nevada. ... This research will also include a comparative study of suitability of other renewable resource and how they compare with solar energy. The purpose of the Study The primary purpose of this project is to find out if solar energy resource in Nevada State is sufficient enough to be utilized for energy needs of Nevada. This project will also demonstrate the utility of GIS in carrying out such suitability study. The research will make use of data, maps and images of Nevada available from MapCruzin website as well as other resources. Buffer Analysis will be utilized through ArcGIS software in establishing the suitability of solar energy. Literature Review Nevada is considered one of the most versatile states in the US when it comes to renewable energy. It has excellent a wide range of excellent sites which could be developed for all four renewable resources. At the moment a significant amount of state's energy is generated through renewable resources. This is due to the Renewable Portfolio Standard regulation passed in 2001, according to which 15% of the state's electricity is required to be produced through renewable resources by 2013 which would then eventually rise to 25% by 2025. Among the widely available renewable energy sources that have already been utilized for electricity production are Wind, Solar, Geothermal as well as hydropower (Energy Atlas, 2011). Geothermal Geothermal energy industry is also one of the more mature ones in Nevada, as the state is the second largest user of geothermal energy for electricity production in the US while a total power production of 550 megawatt and an untapped potential of a further 1000 megawatts make it number one in utilization of geothermal energy per capita. Nevada

Macbeth Essay Essay Example for Free

Macbeth Essay Essay This puts Macbeth at a loss for words , they then look at banquo and tell him his sons will be king someday aswell but not him. â€Å"All hail, Macbeth, hail to thee, Thane of Glamis/ All hail, Macbeth, hail to thee, Thane of Cawdor/ All hail, Macbeth, Thou shalt be king hereafter! † (1. 3. 50-53). This is the first set of prophecies the witches made and the start to Macbeth’s downfall. What the witches done to Macbeth with these prophecies to make him commence his downfall was they filled his head with these positive flattering things that made him want to go to extreme measures just to become what the witches proclaimed would happen. Proof that this first set of prophecies commenced his downfall is once king Duncan had named malcom to be king apposed to Macbeth, Macbeth then considered the idea that he should murder Duncan to become king. The second set of prophecies given to Macbeth appeared as apparitions by the three witches and each apparition gave Macbeth a different prophecy. The first prophecy is an armed head which tells Macbeth to beware of Macduff â€Å" Macbeth! Macbeth! Macbeth! Beware Macduff. Beware the thane of Fife. Dismiss me. Enough. † (4. 1. 74-75). The second apparition appeared as a bloody child who tells Macbeth the only person who can harm him is a man not born of a woman. â€Å" Be bloody, bold, and resolute. Laugh to scorn/The power of man, for none of woman born/Shall harm Macbeth. † (4. 1. 81-83). The final apparition summoned by the witches was a crowned child holding a tree that states Macbeth will not be killed until the woods of birnam are at Dunsinane Hill. Be lion-me ttled, proud, and take no care/Who chafes, who frets, or where conspirers are. /Macbeth shall never vanquished be until/Great Birnam Wood to high Dunsinane Hill/Shall come against him. † (4. 1. 94-98). These summons created by the witches are a big part in Macbeth’s downfall because they gave him more confidence that he would not be killed. Macbeth believed that these prophecies were ridiculous and that it was impossible for him to happen although he did not think them through because all of these prophecies came true in the end. Although the witches gave Macbeth these prophecies making him over confident and giving him the idea to kill Duncan they are not the only ones to blame, Macbeth’s wife Lady Macbeth also played a big role in the downfall of Macbeth by persuading Macbeth to kill King Duncan. She did this by telling him that if the witches prophecies were to come true and he were to become king he must kill those who stood in the way. She then proceeds to question his manhood and makes him feel guilty for her when she says she would kill her own child if she had promised it to her beloved to do it. What beast was ’t, then, That made you break this enterprise to me? When you durst do it, then you were a man; And to be more than what you were, you would Be so much more the man. Nor time nor place Did then adhere, and yet you would make both. They have made themselves, and that their fitness now Does unmake you. I have given suck, and know How tender ’tis to love the babe that milks me . I would, while it was smiling in my face, Have plucked my nipple from his boneless gums And dashed the brains out, had I so sworn as you Have done to this. † (1. 7. 47-59). Lady Macbeth was fully capable of killing the king herself, she had made a good plot to kill him but she never killed him herself because she claimed King Duncan reminded her of her father. â€Å"Had he not resembled/My father as he slept, I had done ’t. † (2. 2. 12-13). If Lady Macbeth would have performed the murder herself Macbeth would not have been driven mad. After Macbeth killed King Duncan the guilt he felt was taking over his mind, saying that there was blood on his hands that would not come off. Lady Macbeth could maybe have comforted him in this time of need but instead she called him mad nd put him down. Although both the witches and Lady Macbeth were contributors to Macbeth’s death they cannot take all the blame for Macbeths death, Macbeth himself plays a big role in the his tragic death. Macbeth knew killing King Duncan was wrong he was always loyal to the king and Duncan trusted Macbeth greatly but he let the witches get into his head and let their prophecies corrupt his mind without no proof saying he had to kill Duncan to become king. Although Lady Macbeth gave him guilt and questioned his manliness he could have told her no he could have told her no and went with what he knew was best. Macbeth’s ambition to hold his spot on the throne was another good reason as to why he died, after killing Duncan Macbeth decided that he should also kill Banquo because Macbeth thought Banquo would suspect him after the prophecies the witches made. This was a mistake by Macbeth because this only made Macbeth more aggressive and his desire to kill stronger. The main mistake Macbeth made was the faith he had towards the prophecies made by the witches, he felt he was invincible. Even once the prophecy about the Birnam Woods reached the castle he belived he could not be killed by anyone because he thought all men were born of a woman. â€Å"Fear not, till Birnam wood/Do come to/Dunsinane†; and now a wood/Comes toward Dunsinane. ’(5. 5. 43-45) â€Å"Thou wast born of woman. /But swords I smile at, weapons laugh to scorn,/Brandished by man that’s of a woman born. (5. 7. 13-15). This confidence followed Macbeth right to his fight against Macduff, once he began to fight with macduff we learn that macduff was actually ripped out of his mothers stomach and not born from the womb making him not born bt a woman. â€Å"Despair thy charm,/And let the angel whom thou still hast served/Tell thee,/Macduff was from his mother’s womb/Untimely ripped. (5. 8. 13-17). Macbeth then accepted his fate and fought Macduff and lost his life. Although there was multiple factors that led to Macbeths demise such as evil witches and a power hungry wife the one who played the biggest role in his death was Macbeth himself. Even though all of the witches prophecies came true there no proof saying they were destined to come true but only that Macbeth caused these prophecies to be true. If Macbeth would have did what he knew was right he would have saved the lives of a lot of people including the wife he loved so dearly.

Violence in Schools: Causes, Effects and Prevention

Violence in Schools: Causes, Effects and Prevention 1. Introduction School violence is one of the most serious problems nowadays because of detrimental effects on forming human-beings characteristics and future of a nation. This paper, based on secondary research, discusses violence situation in Vietnam, other parts of the world and analyzes the causes as well as gives solutions to tackle this problem. The findings of the research reveal that the happening frequency now is much higher than in the past and serious level also increase. Then, a variety of reasons are mentioned to help the readers comprehend thoroughly. Finally, some typical solutions are given and calls for support from authorities, family and students to reduce this issue gradually. Hopefully, school violence will decrease significantly in the future. Have you ever gone to school with the fear which is not the fear of not doing homework or coming late but that of being injured? You can say no but I can say yes because of the significant increase of school violence nowadays. It has no longer been a national issue but a global problem. In fact, it happened in any levels of education, from primary to university. Especially serious, the number of people killed has raised recently. The statistic given recently by Ministry of Education and Training in Vietnam showed that there were about 1600 school violence situations happened in one school year, 5 circumstances each day on average (Cam n.d.). It rang the alarming bell to government and citizens to address this problem. Therefore, this research paper, with the aim at reducing violence in schools and creating friendly and safe educational environment for students, discusses about three questions of why this issue is becoming more and more serious, what the consequences are and what shou ld be done to solve this problem. 2. Discussion of findings 2.1. Why this issue is becoming more and more serious This issue has increased rapidly in quantity, range, serious level. It happens not only in male but also in female, not only among students but also between students and teachers. Because of its seriousness, violence is school is becoming a significant issue which is mentioned fluently in websites, books, magazines, on television or even is reflected in films. For example, a Vietnamese film which is shown in Tet holiday of 2011 had the name School ghost. This film talked about problems in schools life especially school violence. So there were lots of aggressive scene, even a scene in which female students attacked and ripped other students shirts. The film warned people about the serious problems which still exist in school and called the support to solve them. First of all, we must know exactly what the causes are. Actually, school violence results from many reasons. First of all, family members are the closest relatives to a person so they have significant effects on that person. When living in a family which parents often have rows, the children will feel unpleasant, unhappy or even stressful. It will lead to negative behaviors, especially in teenager age when awareness of them have not improved completely. The younger the children are, the easier are they affected. They tend to repeat the parents behaviors and if they are bad behaviors, the effects are serious obviously. In an article Causes of school violence on an American website www.crf-usa.org , the author indicated that parents are the people who construct and form the characteristic of their children. When parents fail to improve positive behaviors, children may develop negative behaviors patterns. Neglectful or abusive family environments can limit the ability to grow of children such as communication skills, self-esteem, happiness. Secondly, schools or educational environments play a crucial part in form awareness of students. The period of time which you spend in school each day is quite long so you communicate much with your classmates and teachers. You will study and behave well if your classmates are good children. But if your classmates are naughty, you will be involved in their bad activities and become naughty, too. Another case is if your teacher does not teach well and always rail students, you will be stressful obviously and will not have interest in learning. There have been events in which teacher insulted or even fought student, they absolutely harmed both physical and mental status of students. Last but not least, cyber abuse is one of the most important thing affect childrens behaviors. Why violence school has become more popular recently? Since 1990s, Internet, blogging, email grew quickly so the children could approach violent books, videos or games easily. When accessing to the Internet, you can watch lots of violent and bad things without being controlled from family or community. It will make children have wrong behaviors or attitudes toward an issue such as using violence to solve a problem or conflict between classmates. Killing others because of small conflict on a social network, Facebook is a regrettable story between a nine-grade student and a eleven-grade student in Ha Long, Quang Ninh (Hoang 2013). It is a typical example which shows the seriousness of school violence and calls the support from community immediately. 2.2. What are the consequences Consequences which school violence causes are really frightened. It impacts on many aspects. To students themselves, both victims and people who cause will have bad consequences. Victims can be injured slightly or seriously and even lead to death. Moreover, they often have mental injury, feel bored, worried, lonely and depressed. The scare or haunt can make them feel stressful. It lasts for a long time and victims cannot concentrate on studying and do not want to take part in other activities with friends. People who cause violence must be responsible for what they have done. How they are disciplined depends on the serious level of violence they cause, be dismissed from school or even sentenced to prison. Since they are relevant to school violence, their future will not optimistic actually. Furthermore, people who see violent scene also are affected absolutely. They will feel unsafe when studying in an environment like that. If violent actions are not be punished immediately, other students can follow these negative behaviors and it makes the violent situation in schools bec ome more and more serious. To family, it also causes regrettable consequences. When school violence occurs, family members are the people who must to solve problems which it causes. Victims family will have to spend both time and money to take care of their children if they involve in violent situations. Being not cured immediately, the victims can suffer from a lot of problems. Their family will be criticized and receive bad attitudes from social community, friends, etc. The children will be criticized by their parents, too. Stress from critic chat maybe lead to rows between parents and children and ruin familys happiness. If unfortunately a student is killed, it is a pain which cannot be replaced. Try to image that the child whom you spend much labor to bring up, you care about much suddenly passed away, especially the only child in the family. So how sad you are! A lot of violent situations happen in school will create stressful learning atmosphere which does not provide appropriate conditions for students to study. Schier (2008, p.30) stated that school violence destroys the positive learning environment schools are intended to provide. In turn, this affects a students readiness and ability to learn. A lot of students decline to go to school because they are scared to be attacked, insulted. Moreover, violent behaviors of students weaken school discipline, breakdown school rules and school reputation obviously. Because our country open market with globalization trend, effects from other countries are inevitable. Good things of our culture are fading and virtue is ruined gradually. That school violence occurs not only in schools but outside as well causes disorderly issue. If we dont have immediate measures to address this problem, it will spread out rapidly and affect the nations prosperity. 2.3. How to solve this problem Students are the future of a nation so the demand of finding solutions is the priority of both school and authorities. In addition, the support from children and their family also plays a crucial role. Without them, all attempts may never successful. No single discipline alone can prevent violence. A complex problem such as violence must be prevented through a combination of approaches (Barrois 2001). A child is never born as arrogant or timid, it is the atmosphere around him which affects him much. The parents will face the bad consequences happening to their children if they do not give the necessary care and education because they are the closest people to children. On a violence website www.nssc1.org, the author said that parents should check their children as much as possible and discuss about the habits and behaviors their children should develop or adapt to. From an early age, parents should monitor and adjust appropriately if their children act wrongly. School administrations should be strict on regulating rules, students harsh punishments should be avoided especially violent behaviors and teaching solutions should be advised, the way which teachers and students communicate should be enhanced to create a comfortable in studying. Being as a friend of student is also necessary. Arguably, schools and teachers can identify unusual behavior in students. After all, teachers spen d hours each day with students, develop relationships, and can likely talk to kids about whats on their minds ( Anderson 2011). But the most important factor is students awareness themselves, they should know which behavior is good, which is bad to adjust and choose good friend to play with. 3. Conclusion The findings above reveal that school violence in Vietnam and other parts all over the world is more and more serious. It damaged much not only the educational system, cultural beauty but also the future of a country. Sadly, there are many causes of this issue and they cannot be solved soon. However, with the raising of awareness and measures from authorities, we hope that this problem will decrease significantly and students can study well in friendly educational environments.

Analysis of The Best Little Girl in the World :: Best Little Girl in the World Essays

Analysis of The Best Little Girl in the World    The author of my book is Steven Levenkron. Warner Books published this book in September of 1978 in New York, NY. The genre of my book is fiction with suspense. The Best Little Girl in the World could be based on a true story, but it is not completely true to life. It would fall under the suspense category because the reader does not know if Kessa will live or die. The all-important purposes of this book are to inform and to narrate. The author does a nice job of achieving his purpose. I am now aware of the many dangers of the deadly disease being described. Steven Levenkron has many qualifications. He is a â€Å"practicing psychotherapist with a specialty in eating disorders† (The Best Little Girl in the World page 2). He has been a â€Å"clinical consultant at Montefiore Hospital and Medical Center as well as the Center for the study of Anorexia and Bulimia in New York City† (page 2). He is also a â€Å"current member of ANAD of Highland Park, Illinois† (page 2). This book does have a few weaknesses but more strengths. A weakness would have to be the ending. It is not eventful. I was hoping for a surprise of some sort, and it never came. However, I noted many strengths. The descriptive details seem great. Although the details appear rather gross at points, I think that is a good thing. That way a reader discovers the harsh reality of the disease. â€Å"The thinner is the winner† (The Best Little Girl in the World Steven Levenkron page 25). This is a powerful quote because thinness is what the whole story is based upon. Kessa thinks that the thinner she is the better. She is most definitely proved wrong in the end. I noted three main settings used in this book. The Best Little Girl in the World takes place in the year of 1979. The first one is the Dietrich’s home. Their apartment is located in New York City. The second location is at Francesca’s dancing studio downtown. The third location where the action takes place is in the hospital. Kessa is in the hospital for about three months, and then she is released to live at home. Four main characters are present in this book. They happen to be Kessa, Lila, Grace and Harold.

Computing project Essay

The system will require a user name and a password to view or edit anything! Only one person is permitted to use the system, no-one else requires access   All files will also be password protected. Database   The instructor will be able to add or delete any records as needed   It will hold all necessary details Specific Objectives   The database will be able to create reports to show what stage the student is at   The database will calculate how many lessons a student has had and how much they have paid with plus if there are any outstanding balances remaining. My system is designed to help the instructor, the instructor has many problems with the current system, and many times it has cost him jobless hours. The current system is very old and has a lot of potential problems and I wish to make a system that eradicates these obvious problems. My system for a start will store the entire student details carefully and properly in line with all data protection acts. The main thing is that these details should not get lost and the instructor has access to this all the time so that he can contact the student at any time. The details should also be available so that it can be updated any time it needs to be. By having all these details stored onto the system it is kept safely and in one place rather than having paper forms lying about getting lost and muddled up, these forms will only be accessed only in one place so if the instructor needs these back in the office or at to work from at home then it is not possible to have multiple copies as it will not all be up to date. For example if a student changes the home phone number then the instructor will have to update every sheet of paper he has with the students phone number if he does not then it will be inconsistent and this can cause problems. The main reason for my proposal of this system is to ensure that the instructor does not continue double booking and not booking students at all. Currently at the end of a lesson the student asks for a booking and the instructor will look in his diary and book appropriately, many times what happens is the instructor looks at the wrong date, for example if the student asks for April 21st 2008 then the instructor may accidentally open may 21st 2008 and tell the student he is free. But in reality on that day an on that time he is busy. This is one of the things the instructor is complaining about and also another thing that has been drawn to my attention is that he misreads the time, so he tells the student that he is booked at 13:00 tomorrow but he is actually free he has a lesson at 3:00 not 13:00 so this is one way the instructor is loosing out on money. I wish to remove this issue and avoid these mistakes happening. GCE A2 Computing CPT 6 Ram Bhojani EXISTING SYSTEM Instructor Bookings | Ram Bhojani 13HAN PROPOSED SYSTEM DESIGN OVERALL SYSTEM Input Processes Student Name Calculate the number of lessons so far Student Number Calculate the total amount spent. Student Address Add a student Lesson Code Edit a student Price Per Lesson Delete a student Date and time of next lesson Search a Student Day Booked Search Availabilities Time Booked Edit a booking File Outputs Student Details Student details Availability Details Number of lessons each student has had Total spent Balances FORMS General Name Purpose Main Menu This allows the instructor to access the student details and availability details. Student Details This allows the instructor to view all details about a student. It also allows the instructor to print a report on the student progress Availability Details. This allows the instructor to see what dates and times are available in the next two weeks and make a booking. USER INTERFACE DESIGN MAIN MENU STUDENT DETAILS MENU AVAILABILITY DETAILS DATABASE DESIGN INCLUDING ER MODEL STUDENT (StudentName, StudentNumber, StudentAddress, LessonCode, PricePerLesson, DateAndTimeOfNextLesson) Availability (AvailableSlots, NextLessonBooked) RECORD STRUCTURE Instructor Field name Data type Size format Description AvailableSlots Date/time, Date time Shows what dates and times are available NextLessonBooked Date/time, Date time Name of student and the day, date and time of their next lesson. Student Field name Data type Size/format Description Student name Text, 20 The first name and last name of the student. Student number Number, 8 A Unique number given to each student for easy reference. Student address Text, 50 Full address of student, including postal address. Lesson code Number 5 A code that determines what sort of lesson they take, they can have an hour lesson, one and half-hour or pass plus. Price per lesson Number, Decimal 5,2 How much the student pays for each lesson Date and time of next lesson Date time Date time The next lesson student has booked. VALIDATION. I will use validation on some of the fields on the tables so there is less chance of wrong data being inputted. There are only some fields that can have validation but by ensuring they have a working validation it will mean that the system will not be wrong. Things that I can validate are numbers or specific number of characters. This is to make sure that the data entered conforms to a certain standard. The user cannot see the validation rules, so when they make a mistake they find out as an error message appears. VALIDATION Field Name Validation Type Validation Rule Error message Student Number Type Check. 8 digits The student number must be 8 digits Lesson Code Type check 5 Digits The lesson code must be 5 digits. STORAGE AND MEDIA FORMAT For my system I need to know how large each file will be so I have calculated the size of each field, and multiplied that but the amount of fields ii may get, to get an estimate of how large the file could get. Storage and media format Field name Number of records Size of record/ bytes Total size of records/bytes Student name 30 32 960 Student number 30 8 240 Student address. 30 65 1950 Lesson code 30 5 150 Price per lesson 30 8 240 Date and time of next lesson 30 16 480. Available lessons 31 20 620 Next lessons booked 6 134 804 Total 5444b 5. 4kb I have calculated that the approximate maximum size that I will need for the data to be stored will be around 6kb, which is small enough to fit on almost any data storage type. The most suitable storage device for this will be the hard disk drive on the laptop to be used. This means that the system will not be lost easily as it is not a portable storage device but on a actual laptop, which would be looked after carefully. There is a large amount of space on the hard disk meaning that there will be available space for expansion if necessary. Also the laptop can be connected to a computer in the office via a USB cable meaning that the data could be backed up and if needed archived. IDENTIFICATION OF SUITABLE ALGORITHMS FOR DATA TRANSFER Process to calculate Total number of lessons so far = ([Student Lessons])*([Total]) Process to calculate Total spent so far =([Total lessons])*([Price Per lesson]) Produce report of students ready for test Search through student details with criteria field Ready students to find matching records. If there are no matching records output an error message to the user. PLANNED VALID OUTPU.T. For my system outputs I have decided to create a report for students to see their progress. This will need to be created in Access. DESCRIPTION OF MEASURES PLANNED FOR SECURITY AND INTEGRITY OF DATA. The data must be kept secure and correct as this information’s is very confidential, if details of the student were to get lost or misplaced then this would be in breach of the data protection act. To keep the data secure I am going to make sure that the user backs up the data at the end of every working week and keeps this disc either safely at home or in the office. There will also be a back up of the main system so if it happens to crash or is damaged then it can be replaced. If the system does crash then the files will have to be manually transferred back into the system from the backup. DESCRIPTION OF MEASURES PLANNED FOR SYSTEM SECURITY The system will not be secured with passwords however the computer will have a password this will be set to expire every 28 days to ensure that the data is safe even if someone gains the password, the user will generally have to be careful and keep the laptop besides him at all times or lock it in a glove compartment. When the instructor goes home he can either take it with him and store it at home carefully or leave it at the office in a safe place. As my system is only designed for one person the password on the system should be a sufficient security measure. TEST STRATEGY The system must be thoroughly tested to make sure that no errors occur the system is up and running. This is logical because if errors occur when the user starts to use the system, it can cost time to get it fixed. Hopefully if my testing strategy is good enough, it will not have any errors when it goes live. I am going to use bottom up testing, to test the system. This involves testing each individual module using prepared test data, which includes normal data, extreme data, upper and lower limits and individual data after this is done I will test the program to see if every route through the program is tested, every statement is executed, accuracy of the processing and that the program fits the original specification. This will make sure that the system is running correctly as this is basically using the whole system. I am also going to test the system in a beta testing method, although this will be a small scale. I am going to give the system to the user for a week just to make sure that everything works correctly. IMPLEMENTATION Login Screen Main Menu This is the main menu of my programme from here there are three options availability details and student details. Finally you can exit. Testing Test ID Test Data Test/Type Reason for test Expected Results Actual Results Data Entry 1. My system does conisit of tables and menus, both the student details and availability detail screens are very simple, it just displays details about these two entities. The booking screen is more complex because it needs to be live, so when the instructor makes a booking it needs to update on the next lesson booked screen and the availability screen. PROCEDURE AND VARIABLE LIST/ DESCRIPTIONS FOR PROGRAMS OR LIST OF PACKAGE ITEMS DEVELOPED Type of item Item Name Descriptions Table Student Details Holds all the details of the students that the instructor teaches, this includes first name, last name, address, phone number and the details of their next lesson that has been booked. Holds the details of all the available time slots in the coming fortnight, this allows the instructor only to see what is available, he can liaise with the student and once a slot is agreed a booking can be made. Form Make A Booking This form allows the user to make a booking for a lesson, he will need to enter the student number, and then first of all select a time and then the date. Once all these are selected the appointment is made. Form Next lesson Booked Has a list of students and the date and time of their next lesson, so the instructor can check on this if he receives a query from the student. CREATION AND CUSTOMISATION OF THE DATABASE TABLES I created all my tables in Microsoft access; I then linked it up to visual basics, The table below is the Student Details table. It consists of mostly text and one field of number, the reason that the telephone number is a text field rather than a number is because telephone numbers usually start with a 0 and if I put the data type as numbers then it will not let me add a 0 at the front. USER MANUAL BRIEF INTRODUCTION The instructor database is a simple system to handle bookings given to the instructor. The system allows the instructor to control appointments already made and allows him to make new appointments. It allows him to keep electronic records of all students, past and present. The students all have unique student numbers that the instructor can use to search for them. It stores details about student’s names, addresses, telephone numbers and the lessons they have booked. There is a very easy to use form that allows the instructor to make a booking. Microsoft Access 2007 or later. To install the system one must either move the file onto the hard disc of the computer. This can be done by selecting the file ‘Instructor Database System’ and copying and pasting it into an empty folder on the hard disc, this maybe the best idea as there is a possibility a removable storage device could get lost or corrupt. This system could be also run from a removable storage device by opening the file and run it straight away. To back the system up the system the database file can be copied onto a USB pen or CD-R. When the system is going to be backed up, the file should be copied onto the USB pen, when this done a message box may appear asking if you want to replace the existing file just select ‘yes’ or ‘yes to all’. This would mean that the backup would be separated from the main system, meaning less chance of losing both the original and the backup. USING THE SYSTEM Here is a simple short set of instructions to use the system. When the instructor opens up they will be asked to log on, The username at the moment is Ian and the password is Burleigh. Once they enter all these details correctly it allows them to use the system. Once the instructor logs on, he will come to the main menu of the system, I am going to show him to basic things in this tutorial, how to find the phone number of a student and then how to make a booking. Below is the main menu, to get to the student phone number he has to select the student details button, then the screen will have three buttons saying details, he can select any of these three, they all do the same job. Once that is selected at the screen below will appear, there are no details at the moment, but once show details button is pressed all the details will appear. The instructor now needs to press the back button until he arrives back at the main menu, and then select availability details. Then select make a booking. Once the make a booing screen appears first he has to select the date that he wants, then the time and finally the student number. Once that is done press save and then it is saved. Appraisal Comparision of project performance against objectives. To compare the objectives and the performance , I will put the original objectives down and compare against each one. General Objectives Security. The database will be able to create reports to show what stage the student is at   The database will calculate how many lessons a student has had and how much they have paid with plus if there are any outstanding balances remaining. My system is designed to help the instructor, the instructor has many problems with the current system, and many times it has cost him jobless hours. The current system is very old and has a lot of potential problems and I wish to make a system that eradicates these obvious problems. My system for a start will store the entire student details carefully and properly in line with all data protection acts. The main thing is that these details should not get lost and the instructor has access to this all the time so that he can contact the student at any time. The details should also be available so that it can be updated any time it needs to be. By having all these details stored onto the system it is kept safely and in one place rather than having paper forms lying about getting lost and muddled up, these forms will only be accessed only in one place so if the instructor needs these back in the office or at to work from at home then it is not possible to have multiple copies as it will not all be up to date. For example if a student changes the home phone number then the instructor will have to update every sheet of paper he has with the students phone number if he does not then it will be inconsistent and this can cause problems. The main reason for my proposal of this system is to ensure that the instructor does not continue double booking and not booking students at all. Currently at the end of a lesson the student asks for a booking and the instructor will look in his diary and book appropriately, many times what happens is the instructor looks at the wrong date, for example if the student asks for April 21st 2008 then the instructor may accidentally open may 21st 2008 and tell the student he is free. But in reality on that day an on that time he is busy.

Tennessee Williams Research Paper

Each of these things shows a little of either Williams or someone that was important n his life. I will go in to detail on how these four aspects of â€Å"A Streetcar Named Desire† and how they relate to the emotions of Tennessee Williams life. The first aspect I will discuss is the Poker Game and the similarities between it and Williams. In Scott W. Griffins article â€Å"A Streetcar Named Desire And Tennessee Williams' Object-Relational Conflicts† he quotes Williams â€Å"Williams once told an interviewer: ‘My work is emotionally autobiographical.It has no relationship to the actual events of my life, but it reflects the emotional currents of my life' (Contemporary Literary Criticism, 1984)† (1 12). So none of the things that actually happened in the story were based on actual events but its based on emotions he felt throughout his life. For example: The Poker game. The first few years of Williams life were nice because his father was gone for his job so he was surrounded by soft hearted woman (Edwina, his mom; Rose, his sister; Grand, his grandmother) ‘Williams remembers these days as shrouded in kindness, sensitivity, and gentleness† (Griffins 1 14).Then his father came home and it completely switched up everything, just like Stanley and the poker game. Griffins supports this in his article ‘When Cornelius came home, his explosive nature burst into the quiet, cultured serenity like Stanley poker game broke into Blanches quiet bath† (1 14). Tom L. Liverish also gives us some insight on this in his article â€Å"The Unknown Tennessee Williams† â€Å"Hard working and hard drinking, boisterous and coarse as ever, C [Cornelius] would still periodically storm the bastion of the Taking household and as quickly leave it in peace† (45).The poker night might not have been a huge similarity between his life and the play but it was an important aspect. Stanley is more important in the play as well as who he represents in Williams actual life. In the play Stanley is the antagonist and Williams does not hold back with him. He has anger problems, he is a drunk, and he is controlling of everyone around him. Stanley is just like what Williams describes his dad as in his biography all the way down to the poker nights. In his biography it say â€Å"Williams father, Cornelius Coffin Williams, was a boisterous, strong-willed man's man† (Alleviate 2).One similarity is that in the play Stanley gets mad cause Balance has moved in to the tiny apartment with him and Stella and is taking up all of Stall's attention. Griffins says â€Å"From the start of Tom's life, Cornelius was jealous of his wife's affection for their new son Cornelius had lost his own mother to tuberculosis at the age of five, and when his attention needs went unmet, he was prone to rage and physical violence' (1 15). Tennessee father isn't the only one that has similarities in traits with Stanley. Williams himself has some of the same personality traits Stanley has in the play.Especially in relationships Griffins supports this â€Å"Most of Williams legislations were fleeting and short lived. He could be the violent and sadistic Stanley, as in his relationship with Poncho y Rodriguez y Gonzales, a handsome young hotel clerk who came to New Orleans to live with him during the writing of the streetcar† (1 19). The last one and also the most complex and important one of the three is Balance. Balance is a very complex character in the play. She is secretive and doesn't want people to see her in the light or know anything about her past at Belle Reeve.She is made up of three people in Williams life: Himself, Rose and is mother. There is a lot of Williams in Balance, the main one being that she is a girl and he is a homo sexual. The next one was his promiscuity, because he lacked a real father figure he craved attention and the way he got that attention was the same way Balance got attention in the play; through short term sexual relationships. â€Å"Like Blanches, Williams promiscuity and hunger for short-term sexual partners was a prominent aspect of his life. † Williams himself said â€Å"Sexuality is an annalistic emanation, as much for the human being as the animal. He said. Animals have seasons for it. But for me, it was a round-the-calendar thing† (Williams 53). He didn't have any self-respect for himself so he tried to fill that void with sex just like Balance â€Å"he could be Balance, subjecting himself to aggressive rape and pursuing the repetitious consumption of young boys† (Griffins 1 19). His mother Edwina was also apart of Blanches character. His mom escaped the troubles of her life by creating an illusion world where nice men replaced them all. Griffins supports this â€Å"Like Balance, Edwina was a model escape artist.Her high strung, histrionic tauter had chased away many men, yet she kept herself narcissistically impervious to the injury by creating an illusion world where admiring gentlemen callers replaced any painful or unwanted realities† (1 18). The last person that helped build Blanches character is Rose. She had a mental illness when Williams was younger. Balance had her own mental fall out at the end of the play after she had been raped by Stanley and Stella wouldn't believe her. She had already started to drift from reality when she got to New Orleans in the first place.She lied so much about her life not because she didn't want people to know about it but I think more because that's how she wanted and wished it was. In the end she ended up breaking down and losing all sense Of reality somewhat like Rose did â€Å"Rose regressed into a delusional world of somatic illness and sexual immortality in her early twenties† (Liverish 247). These 3 people all have one thing in common that is so obvious in Blanches character and that is the want of a father figure. Rose, Williams, and his mother a ll just wanted attention and in the end it really messed them up.Griffins also supports this â€Å"The hunger for a father's security, strength, attention, and value that Williams made so apparent in Balance was painfully present in Rose, in Williams himself and in their mother† (1 19). In conclusion Tennessee Williams had a really hard early life and because of that hard early life the rest of his life wasn't easy either. From being homosexual, to having an abusive father and then abusing sex, drugs and alcohol. That doesn't make for a very pleasant life. And all of these things came out in the play â€Å"A Streetcar Named Desire†. The first one being the poker night, then Stanley, and Balance.

Free Essays on New At School

Arriving at Canisius College in late August was a mind blowing experience. The unfamiliar situation which I was in was so familiar to me when I arrived. It’s the feeling I got when I started my first day of pre-school. Every face belonged to a stranger and every voice seemed foreign to my ears. All I could tell myself was that I knew that things would get better, just give it time. My situation has changed for the most part; the familiar feeling has started to fade. The experiences I’ve gone through have changed my attitude about my current situation. I remember waking that day; my first day of college, knowing my life would never be the same. I lay in bed thinking about every bad thing that could happen to me. The crimes, the drugs, and the busy streets kept rushing through my head. After procrastinating as long as I could, I got out of bed, gathered my belongings and placed them in my car. I then proceeded to do something I had been dreading all summer. I went back in the house to say goodbye to my family. The first one I said goodbye to was my dog. She’s a big fat dog with a wrinkled face that spends most of her time lying around the house and eating. The look on her face was so casual. Realistically I knew she didn’t know what was happening, but I told myself that she didn’t want me to go. My brothers and sisters were moderately disappointed. I could see that they would miss me at first, but tomorrow would be as normal as a day as any other. My Mom, on the other hand, couldn’t stop the tears from coming. She hugged me and told me how much she would miss me. I tried to leave before she could see how close I was to breaking down as well. I jumped in my car, turned the ignition and backed out the drive way. I tried so hard not to look back but my mind became flooded with friends, good times I was leaving behind, and not making the grade. Both of my parents are college graduates and spend a lot ... Free Essays on New At School Free Essays on New At School Arriving at Canisius College in late August was a mind blowing experience. The unfamiliar situation which I was in was so familiar to me when I arrived. It’s the feeling I got when I started my first day of pre-school. Every face belonged to a stranger and every voice seemed foreign to my ears. All I could tell myself was that I knew that things would get better, just give it time. My situation has changed for the most part; the familiar feeling has started to fade. The experiences I’ve gone through have changed my attitude about my current situation. I remember waking that day; my first day of college, knowing my life would never be the same. I lay in bed thinking about every bad thing that could happen to me. The crimes, the drugs, and the busy streets kept rushing through my head. After procrastinating as long as I could, I got out of bed, gathered my belongings and placed them in my car. I then proceeded to do something I had been dreading all summer. I went back in the house to say goodbye to my family. The first one I said goodbye to was my dog. She’s a big fat dog with a wrinkled face that spends most of her time lying around the house and eating. The look on her face was so casual. Realistically I knew she didn’t know what was happening, but I told myself that she didn’t want me to go. My brothers and sisters were moderately disappointed. I could see that they would miss me at first, but tomorrow would be as normal as a day as any other. My Mom, on the other hand, couldn’t stop the tears from coming. She hugged me and told me how much she would miss me. I tried to leave before she could see how close I was to breaking down as well. I jumped in my car, turned the ignition and backed out the drive way. I tried so hard not to look back but my mind became flooded with friends, good times I was leaving behind, and not making the grade. Both of my parents are college graduates and spend a lot ...

Napoleon Bonaparte - A slayer of the Revolution essays

Napoleon Bonaparte - A slayer of the Revolution essays The French Revolution was fought for the equality, liberty and fraternity of the third social class in France. These ideas were carried on into the post revolutionary era of Napoleon Bonaparte. Napoleon Bonaparte was a product of the Revolution, for if it were not for the revolution, he would not have gained any major military and political opportunities like he had been given. Liberty, equality and fraternity became some of the most important principles of the revolution. It may have seemed that Napoleon Bonaparte kept alive these principals of the revolution but in reality through his oppression of equality, consulate government, and raze of liberty and freedom, he became a slayer of the Revolution. Napoleon had appeared to the population of France to be a believer in equality, one of the principles of the revolution. The first task of Napoleons government was to draw up a new constitution. This constitution affirmed the equality of all citizens before the law, but it only concerned men because the husband was given absolute authority over the family. Women had no rights and were seen as inferior to men. Napoleon also had a legion of honor, which placed people in different rankings in the military according to what good they have done their country and what they have accomplished. If Napoleon believed in equality, he believed in imposing it from above. The thought of equality did not refer to Napoleon or his family, for he became Emperor and they princes and kings. Napoleon used certain tactics while he was in power to get what he wanted, even if that meant lying to the people of France. Napoleon created a constitution that gave the illusion of a representative government, while he was transforming himself into emperor. This worked for Napoleon because the French thought they had a representative government. In reality, the representative government had no real power and Napoleon always had the final say. When ...

BP Oil and Gas Industry

The BP or Deepwater Horizon oil spill is considered as the biggest oil spill in the entire history of United Kingdom. The explosion of Deepwater Horizon in the Gulf of Mexico severely injured and destroyed the lives of several people. Furthermore, because of the explosion, the fire burnt for over one and a half days, thereby creating havoc and leading to mass destruction all around. Not only the businesses located in the Gulf region but also the tourism and fishing industries were badly affected because of the spill. panies associated with this spill faced various problems as they were under an obligation to not only clear the spill but also pensate the ones affected due to it. In order to initiate relief proceedings, an attorney group was found and BP had to encounter various lawsuits because the impact of the spill was disastrous as it spread over 490 miles, thereby affecting many states including Florida, Mississippi, etc. Since BP was the key player in the Macondo Project, the co nsequences encountered by it were pletely legitimate and accurate because panies that put the environment at stake owes a non-delegable responsibility in the form of such consequences (Chevron Corporation, 2013). Going by the impacts and the overall assessment it will be clear that BP flouted the and hence the fines and penalties were legitimate. Since BP played the key role in creating such havoc and destruction through the spill, it had to encounter such problems in the form of lawsuits and pensation. In the initial segments, BP will be taken into consideration and thereafter the environment in which the pany operates will be considered. Furthermore, the vigor of the spill will also be given due importance in order to understand the financial entanglements, lawsuits, and other problems encountered by BP (CBS Chicago, 2013). Moreover, this research also aims to advocate about the financial impacts faced by BP after the oil spill. Hence, this research is very significant, as the deficiencies possessed by the oil panies can be known and panies like BP might remain cautious in future. British Petroleum, a leading international producer of gas has many histories of gross misconduct in its operations since 1995. In relation to the oil spill, it is notable that it was not only the biggest but also the most disastrous in the entire history of UK. This makes it clear that BP’s misconduct was highly punishable by law because the businesses, individuals, marine habitats, etc were all badly affected by the Gulf of Mexico. Moreover, Tony Hayward, Chief Executive of BP agreed to all these damages and claims, as it had no other option (BP Plc, 2014). Since the effects of the spill were massive and widespread, spill cleaning was the prime responsibility of BP. Therefore, the pany took several steps to clean the spill and for this operation, it directed a fleet of vessels and arranged various tools that could assist the vessels in collecting the oil floating in water (Jacobson, 2013). Approximately 5000 vessels and ninety thousand people were directed to plete this process efficiently. Furthermore, BP had to incur around $14 million for this operation and after pletion of this process; around 827,046 barrels of oil were collected (Channel News Asia, 2017). As per the survey, out of 4300 miles of shoreline, around 635 miles required manual oil cleaning procedures. Taking all these impacts in due consideration, these consequences were appropriate for the pany. Since BP was the main player in the oil spill, it was under a non-delegable responsibility to take corrective actions, whether the consequences are high or not. Hence, it decided to take various actions in order to restore the Gulf of Mexico and other affected states. These actions prise of cleaning, research, pensation, etc that required millions of dollars (Mason, 2010). In relation to this, approximately $37.2 billion was kept aside by BP in order to manage all the expenses associated with the disaster (Fodor & Stowe, 2010). An oil spill trust was also introduced in association with this matter and it cost a whopping amount of $20 billion to the pany (BP Plc, 2012). In addition, BP also undertook a responsibility to pay $1.25 billion as additional payments every quarter until 2013. These figures depict that BP had to expand heavily in the restoration process but taking the impacts in due consideration, this had to be done. In order to evaluate the environmental impact of the oil spill, BP coordinated and worked with various state and federal bodies. Furthermore, an NRD (Natural Resource Damages) was also initiated in this regard so that the magnitude of damages can be determined and thereafter, proper corrective actions can be decided for the same. In these activities, BP incurred more than $600 million that is a huge expense. In addition to this, BP arranged to undertake many observational surveys to ascertain the impact of the spill on wildlife habitats. Efficient steps were thereafter taken in order to safeguard and relocate the sea turtles by creating special rehabilitation centers for these creatures (Broder & Krauss, 2011). BP also offered a whopping amount of $22 million to the national wildlife and fish foundation. In addition, the pany also incurred more than $500 million over the period of ten years to create an unbiased research program for lessening the impact of the spill. Since several other states were also affected by the spill, BP had assured payments of $87 million to these states in order to safeguard the tourism industry from the disastrous influence of the spill. In addition, BP also arranged to extend $92 million in the year 2011 for the period of three years wherein $63.5 million was provided in 2011 itself and the remaining amounts in 2012 and 2013 respectively. The pany also made proper arrangements in order to examine the seafood industry over the entire region of Gulf of Mexico (Broder, 2012). In relation to this, BP had expended more than $9.3 million for examination of seafood in the year 2011 and an additional $24.2 million in the year 2012. Furthermore, BP also expended an additional $7.1 million for seafood marketing in the year 2011. Hence, taking all these in due consideration, it can be said that the pany had to encounter huge obligations but in lieu of the disastrous impacts on businesses, habitats, individuals, etc, these conseq uences are appropriately fair and accurate (Broder, 2012). In the United States, there was a lack of effective and thorough policy especially in the hands of the officialdom. Therefore, it was certain that the policy to stabilize the peting interests to determine the attainment and utilization of energy were missing. Moreover, since the oil spill came out to be the biggest disaster, this clearly highlights the inefficiency of the regulatory authorities on their part. Furthermore, this also signifies that the failure of regulatory framework was not only attributable to the regulatory authorities, but also to the environmental laws on a whole. Hence, it was evident that the regulatory authorities and the legal system failed to function effectively, thereby leading to such a massive disaster and affecting millions of diversities and people. According to several investigations, it came out that the presence of powerful and efficient statutory policies could have assisted in safeguarding from such a disaster. Hence, this also portrays a misbalance in the theory of public interest and notion of effective corporate governance and ethics. Furthermore, in relation to the theory of public interest, if the markets were left to operate on their own, then they would behave indifferently since they are delicate in nature (Jefferson & Bowling, 2011). However, the oil spill still occurred even in the prevalence of proper control by the statutory authorities. This depicts a failure and inefficiency on the part of authorities. It is the prime responsibility of the regulators to act in an efficient manner so that the public interests are not taken for granted and proper assistance is provided to them. Furthermore, contingencies are uncertain and the regulators must make proper ways and create backup strategies in order to be prepared for such situations. However, this failed to happen in the case of BP oil spill that clearly sheds light on their inefficiencies, thereby leading to a massive havoc. Because of such a massive disaster, ways were planted for several new procedures and plans. The oil spill incident came out to be one of the biggest mistakes on the part of BP, thereby leading towards the destruction of businesses, wildlife habitats, and the environment as a whole. Investigations carried out after the disaster sheds light on the urgent requirement of effective corporate governance in panies (Cleveland, 2010). It was also notable that BP did not pensate in full for the damages occurred in the Gulf of Mexico and other states. If the investigation were not conducted, the pany would not have e forward in order to accept their grave mistake. Moreover, the pany was fined a whopping amount of $4 billion that is not a heavy amount when pared to their never-ending profits of more than $11 billion. The closing share price of BP as on 19 April 2010 reported at $59.48 whereas its market capitalization reported at $186.20 billion. It is notable that on the day of occurrence of the oil spill, BP’s stock price depicted an upward trend rising from $59.48 to $60.48 (Booz & Hamilton, 2010). This came out to be a shock even after the massive impact of the oil spill. However, after nine days, the stock price started falling down and reported at $54.7, which is a massive decline of 8.3%. Since this day, the stock prices continued to decline and reported at $27.02, which is a decline of 54.6% since 19 April. Moreover, in terms of market capitalization, this decline portrayed a massive loss of $101.59 billion (CBS Chicago, 2013). The above report gives a strong emphasis on the oil spill and it is clear from the discussion and argument that there BP flouted laws and made grave mistakes. The result gives a glaring response that there must be stringent policies on the oil panies so that any law is not broken. Further, the oil, as well as gas panies must chalk out emergency plans and the offshore operations must be aware of it. There must be a strong hazard program and skills must be updated so that potential liability can be meeting with ease and flexibility. When it es to huge entities like BP it has a strong team that has a strong hold so that any potential liability can be minimized. As a matter of fact, the Oil Spill had a disaster impact on BP and its partner. To make up for the loss, BP sold $30 billion assets for the cleanup, legal claims, etc. This prised 20% of the total assets of the pany and ultimately was followed by a huge set back to the prices of stock. The policies that look after corporation’s liability are noted with precision. However, the stress must now be provided on the part of the corporate social responsibility that will negate the negative impact on the society and create goodwill for the pany. Acts like BP oil spill can be eliminated if the regulator crafts a strong policy and mittee are set up for looking at such situations.   Booz, A & Hamilton, A 2010, The Offshore Oil and Gas Industry Market Response - Part One, Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory. Broder, J. M 2012, Ruling Favours Owner of Rig in Gulf Spill, The New York Times, viewed 28 January 2017, https://www.nytimes /2012/01/27/business/energy-environment/transocean-not-liable-for-some-gulf-spill-claims-judge-rules.html. Broder, J. M., & Krauss, C 2011, Regulation of Offshore Rigs Is a Work in Progress, The New York Times, viewed 28 January 2017, https://www.nytimes /2011/04/17/us/politics/17regulate.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 BP Plc 2014, Annual report and accounts 2014, viewed 27 January 2017, https://www.bp /content/dam/bp country/de_de/PDFs/brochures/BP_Annual_Report_and_Form_20F_2014.pdf BP Plc 2012, Annual report and accounts 2014, viewed 27 January 2017, https://www.bp /content/dam/bp/pdf/investors/bp-annual-report-and-form-20f-2012.pdf CBS Chicago 2013, BP Settles Class-Action Lawsuit Over Tainted Gasoline, CBS Chicago, viewed 27 January 2017, https://chicago.cbslocal /2013/08/21/bp-settles-class-action-lawsuit-over-tainted-gasoline/ Channel News Asia 2013, BP says oil spill pensation fund running out, viewed 25 January 2017, &lRequired actiont;https://www.channelnewsasia >. Chevron Corporation 2013, Corporate Responsibility, Chevron, viewed 27 January 2017, https://www.chevron /corporateresponsibility/ Cleveland, C. J 2010,   Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill,   viewed 26 January 2017, https://www.eoearth.org/article/Deepwater_Horizon_oil_spill?topic=50364. Cherry, M.A., Sneirson, J.F 2010, ‘Beyond Profit: Rethinking Corporate Social Responsibility and Green washing after the BP Oil Disaster’, Tulane Law Review, vol. 85, no.4, pp. 983-1038 Fodor, A., Stowe, J.D 2010, The BP Oil Disaster: Stock and Option Market Reactions, Working Paper, Ohio University. Jefferson, J., Bowling, N 2011, The Economic and Biological Impacts of The BP Oil Spill, NDS 372.01 Environmental Studies Capstone Seminar. Jacobson, M 2013, By the Numbers: The Oil Spill and BP's Legal Troubles, PBS News Hour, viewed 26 January 2017, https://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/2013/07/gulf-oil-spill-by-the-numbers.html. Mason, J.R 2010, The Economic Cost of a Moratorium on Offshore Oil and Gas Exploration to the Gulf Region, Working Paper :Louisiana State University. Yahoo 2013, BP plc (BP), Yahoo Finance, viewed 26 January 2017, https://finance.yahoo /q?s=BP.

Current events in business research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

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Edward Bellamy, Looking Backward novel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

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Maya Angelou Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

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Review of Technical Journal Article - Essay Example isputed the claims of the Young-Earth Model that the Mesozoic Rock Layers were â€Å"late-flood rocks† (Neyman, â€Å"Dinosaur Evidence for an Old Earth†). This is the famous Flood during the time of Noah when it rained for forty days which, according to the Bible, had killed all creeping, walking, breathing, etc. living creatures. Neyman did not believe this by predicating that if this is true, it would leave this claim contradictory to the evidences recovered by geologist pointing towards the existence and even activities of Mesozoic creatures – creatures like dinosaurs – during and after the flood took place and even during the water-receding period. According to him, says of the Young-Earth scientist that the distribution of fossils around the globe, as well as their varying formations in the sedimentary rock is caused by the strong cyclonic force that scattered chopped bodies of creatures at random locations around the globe contain insurmountable obstacles. He further expressed in his thesis statement that â€Å"the distribution of animals in the rock layers does not lend itself to an easy fit with the Flood model† (Neyman, â€Å"Dinosaur Evidence for an old Earth†). On the whole, the article was prepared for those who bear the same belief with the Young-Earth Creationism believers who affirmed that The Flood did not leave a single creature alive. The article strongly suggests that, in contrary with the assertions of the Young-Earth Science, even after the water started to recede during which the flood was completed, there were traced of fossils, poops, bones and even track-ways of creeping and walking animals, thereby inferring that creatures, particularly dinosaurs, still existed or were still alive even after the flood. The article was quite difficult to decipher considering that it was trying to interrelate two topics that essentially should not have been linked together by the writer. Both beliefs, the Old-Earth Creationism and the Young-Earth

Maya Angelou Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Maya Angelou - Research Paper Example In addition, Angelou has been nominated for the Pulitzer Prize for her poetic volume titled Just Give Me a Cool Drink of Water ‘Fore I Diiie (Moyer). Recently Angelou was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom that is the highest civilian honor in the United States. On the political side Angelou was an active member of the esteemed Harlem Writers Guild that was instrumental to the Civil Rights Movement. Her contributions to the Civil Rights Movement are numerous and undeniable. She served with Dr. Martin Luther King during the Civil Rights Movement that speaks for her involvement in the movement. Angelou has been differentiated from other authors based on her representation of autobiographical fiction. Her first published work I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings saw her being heralded as a pioneer in a generation of new memoirist. The work was the first of its kind in its projection of the lives of African American women. Angelou’s public discourse on her personal life ma de the work all the more interesting and controversial at the same time. Her efforts over the years through her work and her public dialogue have made her an unofficial spokesperson of African American people and women (Lupton). Within the domain of her written work, Angelou has done her best to challenge the traditional structure of autobiographies. This can be seen as a deliberate attempt on the author’s part given her pervasive use of critique, changes and expansion of the frontiers of memoirs. Most of Angelou’s work is based on themes such as racism, identity crisis and familial issues. While retaining the interest of the audience using unconventional techniques, Angelou has nonetheless raised controversy after controversy so that some of her works have been banned inside the United States. Her work can be gauged better if it is seen through the lens of the author’s personal experiences and her reflections in her memoirs. This text will attempt to analyze An gelou’s work and personal experiences in order to paint a better picture of the author’s struggle against racial injustice. One of the primary themes in Angelou’s work is racism that can be traced in her works ranging from the first piece I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings to her last piece titled A Song Flung up to Heaven. The author has utilized the metaphor of a caged singing bird that is trying to escape its confine repeatedly in order to portray the author’s personal social confinement. The primary means of this confinement were none other than racism and oppression (Lupton). Another aspect of this metaphor is that the bird is singing from the start of the struggle to its very end indicating a determined spirit who is ready to take onto life as it comes along. Angelou’s personal life is a reflection of this commitment to live through thick and thin alike. Certain critics have observed that Angelou’s perspective on evil in society being div erted at young African American women was instrumental in shaping her ideas from childhood to adulthood (Als). In the start of her works, the author can be seen as â€Å"fanatically opposed to white people† (Hagen) however, this can be seen changing as the series progresses. This is not to indicate that the author is somehow racist herself or possess racial hate but it merely indicates the progression of ideas from a young child’s mind to the understanding of an adult person. Throughout the series Angelou

Review of Technical Journal Article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Review of Technical Journal Article - Essay Example isputed the claims of the Young-Earth Model that the Mesozoic Rock Layers were â€Å"late-flood rocks† (Neyman, â€Å"Dinosaur Evidence for an Old Earth†). This is the famous Flood during the time of Noah when it rained for forty days which, according to the Bible, had killed all creeping, walking, breathing, etc. living creatures. Neyman did not believe this by predicating that if this is true, it would leave this claim contradictory to the evidences recovered by geologist pointing towards the existence and even activities of Mesozoic creatures – creatures like dinosaurs – during and after the flood took place and even during the water-receding period. According to him, says of the Young-Earth scientist that the distribution of fossils around the globe, as well as their varying formations in the sedimentary rock is caused by the strong cyclonic force that scattered chopped bodies of creatures at random locations around the globe contain insurmountable obstacles. He further expressed in his thesis statement that â€Å"the distribution of animals in the rock layers does not lend itself to an easy fit with the Flood model† (Neyman, â€Å"Dinosaur Evidence for an old Earth†). On the whole, the article was prepared for those who bear the same belief with the Young-Earth Creationism believers who affirmed that The Flood did not leave a single creature alive. The article strongly suggests that, in contrary with the assertions of the Young-Earth Science, even after the water started to recede during which the flood was completed, there were traced of fossils, poops, bones and even track-ways of creeping and walking animals, thereby inferring that creatures, particularly dinosaurs, still existed or were still alive even after the flood. The article was quite difficult to decipher considering that it was trying to interrelate two topics that essentially should not have been linked together by the writer. Both beliefs, the Old-Earth Creationism and the Young-Earth

Men are naturally violent and protective Essay Example for Free

Men are naturally violent and protective Essay Whether the subject is masculinity, patriarchy, or violence one will not fail to notice the occurrence chauvinism on several categories when portraying the subject of men. This critique attempts to reflect on an article posted on CBC news, British Columbia article. It is apparent that Alexander does not publicly encourage or agitate for violence; however, the movement seeks for response when it is pushed to the wall. The freeman agitation is based on response to the state imposition of a given norms or set of disciplines or what the movement defines as on overbearing government. For instance, Alexander does not require a license to drive or pay income tax (CBC, 2013). According to the extract the concept of violence cannot be used to judge men wholly. Primarily, violence is a vehicle to let views get known to the people, whether legitimate or illegitimate. This promotes the assumption that men will apply violence if they feel their views are being neglected. According to the extract FBI and B.C still considered the movement a source of domestic terror, an assumption that Freemen strongly distance themselves with. When it comes to the concept of governance, it is apparent to note Man chauvinism is the most important observation. The central goal here is the importance of two integral laws, statute law and common law. One will notice from the extract that the movement seeks to agitate for equality, on all accounts this promoting the presence of common law. This propels two crucial situations, the fight against capitalism and individual personality decorum. According to freemen, decorum is essential, and in fact, the group argues that statutory law is primarily responsible for destroying the society. The greater war is not physical confrontation directed by Freeman-Movement, but whether man can uninstall the statutory law imposed to him by the government. Chiefly, one will notice that Freemen chauvinistic perception is centered on the assumption that statutory law imposed to people, with or without their consent and this forms the nucleus of social conflicts (call it violence). For instance, the law convicts innocent people to Jail using the statutory law, jailing them together with people who have broken common law. According to the extract, Freemen movement argues that statutory law is a contract, and each party can live it at will. Freemen view the judiciary as a bunch of brutal people who are naturally violent. A further example to Freemen philosophy is the Daren Wayne McCormick who was convicted by a court in Nova Scotia for uttering threatening words to officers. Freemen viewed that the Judge used his personality (call it humane violence) to pass judgment to an innocent person. The initial conviction of Mr. McCormick was essentially based a criminal court and federal gun laws, in any case, McCormick was originally viewed a danger to the society but not to official members of the judiciary. However, the judgment which sent McCormick to prison was based on danger to official members of the judiciary proving that men are violent by their own character. Reference CBCNews. (September 2nd, 2013).Freemen movement concerns Canadian legal communities. Retrieved January 16th, 2013 from http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/freemen-movement-concerns-canadian-legal-communities-1.1345486 Source document

Long Term Evolution (LTE) Technology

Long Term Evolution (LTE) Technology Long-Term Evolution [LTE] Abstract The 3GPP long-term evolution [LTE] is the step towards the radio air-interface evolution for 3G technology to deliver â€Å"Mobile Broadband†. It is being defined and standardized by the 3GPP to functionally evolve the radio access technology and enhance the performance of 3G technologies to meet user-expectations over long-term i.e, 10 years and beyond. LTE targets to achieve this by improving the 3G coverage, system capacity, data rates and spectrum efficiency. It also aims at reducing the latency and enhance other radio performance parameters while reducing user and operator costs. The above LTE requirements would be fulfilled by the use of new multiple access schemes on the air interface: OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access) in downlink and SC-FDMA (Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access) in uplink. Furthermore, Multiple-Input and Multiple Output(MIMO) antenna schemes are used to achieve higher bit-rates. The first section of the article present s the evolution of the 3GPP-LTE, while the second section lists the physical performance targets as defined by the standards. The section that follows presents the technical building blocks and the architecture of the LTE system. The article concludes by discussing the economic target defined by the standards and the current status of the LTE system. Introduction: The large-scale deployment of the Wide-band Code Division Multiplexing (W-CDMA) or the 3G technology across the globe prompted the 3GPP to take steps towards the evolution of the 3G air interface. The High-Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) was introduced in 3GPP Release 5[1] to increase the performance of the downlink while High-Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA) was introduced in 3GPP Release 6[2] to enhance the uplink data rates. HSPA+(High-Speed Packet Access Plus) is being introduced in release 7[3] to enhance performance of HSPA based radio networks in terms of spectrum efficiency, peak data rate and latency, and exploit the full potential of WCDMA. The characteristics of HSPA+ such as the use of the downlink MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output), higher order modulation for uplink and downlink, improvements of layer 2 protocols, continuous packet connectivity and enhanced uplink meet immediate and mid-term needs of the end-users. However the operator and end-users expectatio ns are growing rapidly and alternative competitive access technologies are emerging continuously. To ensure long-term competitiveness of 3G technology, the 3GPP included the â€Å"Evolved UTRA and UTRAN â€Å"work item in 2004[3][4]. The aim of the work item is to investigate the means of achieving enhanced service provisioning by improving data rates, capacity, spectrum-efficiency, and latency thereby providing optimum support for packet-switched services[5][6]. Physical air-interface Performance Requirements of the 3GPP Long –term Evolution [LTE]: The requirements for the design of the 3GPP LTE system is prescribed in the 3GPP specification 3GPP TR 25.913[3] and is summarized as follows: Providing significantly higher data rates compared to the existing technology such as the HSDPA and enhanced uplink, with target peak data rates up to 100 Mb/s for the downlink and up to 50 Mb/s for the uplink. The capability to provide three to four times higher average throughput and two to three times higher cell-edge throughput when compared to systems based on HSDPA and enhanced uplink as standardized in 3GPP Release 6. Increased spectral efficiency upto four-folds compared to 3G technology. Improved architecture and signalling to significantly reduce control and user plane latency, with a target of less than 10 ms user plane RAN round-trip time (RTT) and less than 100 ms channel setup delay. Support scalable bandwidths of 5, 10, 15, 20 MHz and including bandwidths smaller than 5 MHz for more flexibility. In order to protect the investments already made by the operators, updates and modifications to the existing radio network architecture is being proposed. This involves a smooth migration into other frequency bands, including those currently used for second-generation (2G) cellular technologies such as GSM and IS-95. Support for operation in paired (Frequency Division Duplex / FDD mode) and unpaired spectrum (Time Division Duplex / TDD mode) is possible. Support for end-to-end Quality of Service Support for inter-working between the existing UTRAN/GERAN and other non-3GPP systems. The handover delay between them to be less than 300 milliseconds for real-time services and less than 500 milliseconds for non-real-time services. An enhanced Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service(E-MBMS) shall be supported. Reduced capital and operational expense shall be ensured. Optimized support for low mobile speeds (0-10 mph) as well as support for high mobile speeds (10 -30 mph). LTE System Building blocks: The following technological building blocks enable to meet the LTE system requirements as prescribed by the 3GPP: Radio Interface Technology: In order to meet the requirements of higher data rates, a new radio transmission technology called the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) has been selected for the downlink and Single Carrier-Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) for the uplink. In an OFDM system, the available spectrum is divided into multiple carriers, called sub-carriers, which are orthogonal to each other. Each of these sub-carriers is independently modulated by a low rate data stream. Different bandwidths are realized by varying the number of subcarriers used for transmission, while the subcarrier spacing remains unchanged. In this way operation in spectrum allocations of 1.25, 2.5, 5,10, 15, and 20 MHz is supported. OFDM enables transmission adaptation in frequency domain in E-UTRA. OFDM has several benefits including its robustness against multipath fading and its efficient receiver architecture. It is used in WLAN, WiMAX and broadcast technologies. In order to achieve higher throughputs and increased spectral efficiency so as to meet the coverage, capacity and data rate requirements, Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna solutions are used by the LTE systems. MIMO refers to the use of multiple antennas at the transmitter and the receiver side. MIMO beamforming could be used to increase coverage and/or capacity, and spatial multiplexing, sometimes referred to as MIMO, can be used to increase data rates by transmitting multiple parallel streams to a single user[7]. In order to meet the improved latency requirement, it was required to reduce the number of network nodes involved in data processing and transport. A flatter architecture[8] as prescribed by the standards would lead to improved latency and transmission delay. Figure below depicts a simplified LTE system architecture and it consist of two types of network nodes one at user plane and the other at the control plane. Evolved NodeB(eNodeB): It is the enhanced BTS that provides the LTE air interface and performs radio resource management for the enhanced LTE radio interface Access Gateway(AGW): It provides the termination of LTE bearer and acts as the mobility anchor point and packet date network gateway for user plane. SAE is a study within 3GPP targeting at the evolution of the overall system architecture. The focus of this work is on the packet-switched domain with the assumption that voice services are supported in this domain. This study envisions of an all-IP network [8] and the support of heterogeneous access networks in terms of mobility and service continuity[9]. LTE Economic Targets Benefits to Operators and End-users: Performance and capacity of LTE systems as discussed in the earlier sections shall facilitate the provisioning of high-quality multimedia-rich applications. While the users are catered with innovative services, the operators generate revenue from alternate avenues other than from voice. Avoidance of complicated architectures and unnecessary interfaces, reuse of existing system and spectrum, efficient operations and management along with the optimized performance by the radio technologies yield an overall reduction cost per bit. This benefit the end-users to access services at a low cost and operators benefit from low OPEX and CAPEX. Current Status and Future of LTE: For LTE that offers high-performance radio interface, it requires a high-performance core network inorder to experience commercial success. Impact on the overall network architecture including the core network is being investigated in the context of 3GPP System Architecture Evolution (SAE). It aims at optimizing the core network for packet-switched services and including the IP multimedia subsystem that supports all access technologies. The combined evolution of LTE and SAE forms the basis for the 3GPP release-8. As of today[3GPP website], 3GPP has approved to freeze the functional requirements of LTE as well as SAE as part of release-8.[10] There is proof of substantial industrial commitment towards LTE deployment in form of contributions and intellectual inputs to the 3GPP LTE specification groups. Also, many recent press announcements from vendors and operators indicate the same[11]. References [1] 3GPP TS25.855, â€Å"High Speed Downlink Packet Access;Overall UTRAN Description†, version 5.0.0. [2] 3GPP TS25.999,†High Speed Packet Access Evolution, Frequency Division Duplex†, version 6.1.0 [3] 3GPP TS 25.913; Requirements for E-UTRA and E-UTRAN(Release 7) [4] 3GPP, RP-040461, †Proposed Study Item on Evolved UTRA and UTRANâ€Å", www.3gpp.org. [5] H. Ekstrà ¶m et al., â€Å"Technical Solutions for the 3G Long-term Evolution†, IEEE Communications Magazine, March 2006. [6] E. Dahlman et al. â€Å"The 3G Long-Term Evolution – Radio Interface Concepts and Performance Evaluation†, Proceedings of the VTC 2006 Spring. [7] http://www.3g4g.co.uk/Lte/Tutorials/RandS_WP_LTE.pdf [8] 3GPP TS 22.978; All-IP Network (AIPN) feasibility study (Release 7) [9] 3GPP TS 23.882;† 3GPP system architecture evolution (SAE): Report on technical options  and conclusions†, Release 7.1.9 [10] 3GPP TS 36.201;† Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Long Term Evolution (LTE) physical layer; General description†, Release 8.0.1 [11] http://www.etsi.org/WebSite/document/Barcelona_2008.pdf [12] http://www.ericsson.com/technology/whitepapers/lte_overview.pdf

Narrative Criticism of McPhee :: Monopoly New Jersey Essays

Narrative Criticism of McPhee "Do not pass go. Do not collect two hundred dollars." We’ve all heard these phrasesfromthe board game Monopoly. Monopoly, however, isn’t merely a game.It wasbased on an actual city. "The Search for Marvin Gardens" tells of Monopoly’s relation to Atlantic City, NJ. In this narrative criticism I will examine several main characteristics of the piece. In doing so, I will try to answer the question, "How has Atlantic City changed due to a greedy, capitalistic attitude?" I believe that this question makes a good connection to thepiece’s description of the changes in the features of the city. "The Search forMarvin Gardens" is a section of the book Pieces of the Frame byJohn McPhee. Farrar, Straus, and Giroux published the piece in 1975. Thecomposition itself is fifteen pages long. It tells of Monopoly’s connectionsto a realworld location, Atlantic City, NJ. In order to write a narrative criticism of McPhee’s "The Search for Marvin Gardens",I firstread and gave a comprehensive examination of the narrative. To dothis,I looked at several characteristics of the piece. I decided that thesetting,the characters, and the theme were the most important characteristicstothis piece. Other characteristics such as the narrator, events, temporalrelations, casual relations, and audience are not quite as important inmycriticism of this piece. To look at the important characteristics, youmustask yourself questions about the piece. How does the setting changethroughoutthe piece? How does the setting relate to the plot and characters?How isthe setting created? Who are the main characters? What are the physicalandmental traits of the characters? What is the major theme of the narrative?There are several other questions you may ask, but they do not prove asrelevantto this piece. The aforementioned questions are significant becausethey helpanswer t he research question. A participant in a game of Monopoly narrates the piece. He not only pictures the game board. He sees the corresponding locations in Atlantic City. The plot line ofthe story follows the narrator in search of Marvin Gardens. Along the wayhe sees the difference between the way things were, and the way they usedto be. In "The Search for Marvin Gardens", there are basically four physical settings: the Monopoly tournament, Marvin Gardens, Atlantic City of the past, and Atlantic Cityin the 1970s. McPhee alternates between the settings with great regularity,and the tempo of the story is constantly changing.

Samuel 24 Essay -- Bible, Census, David

Passage Analysis Essay: David takes a Census Historical/Cultural The Biblical passage found in 2 Samuel 24 tells the story of king David taking a census of Israel and Judah and in result of this, receiving punishment from God.The two books of Samuel were previously one book but were divided in the Hebrew Bible in the fifteenth century. The two books, along with I and II Kings make up a four part history of the kings of Israel. Seeing as the books of I and II Samuel cover a large span of time in Israel's history, no one man could have lived through the entire history and written the books by himself. Because of this, many scholars believe that there are multiple authors of the books in addition to multiple outside sources having been used to create this completion (NBD â€Å"Samuel, the book of† 1056). The main focus of this story is on the census that David took of Israel and Judah. A census in the ancient near east, during the reign of David was much different than the censuses which are taken today. Today, a census is a numbering of all citizens, male and female which includes details such as age, sex, and race. During reign of David, censuses were taken primarily for specific purposes, such as the distribution of rations, fiscal revenues, or military levies (ABD â€Å"Census†). Concerning the census taken by David in 2 Samuel 24, it is a count of the number of men of military age from the the border of Dan, which is located in the north of Israel, just below Mt. Hermon and Beer-sheeba, which is a town located in the south Judean desert (ABD â€Å"Dan† and â€Å" Beer-sheba† 641, 12). The story of David being punished by God for taking a census takes place in the nation of Israel during the four hundred-year dynasty of king David. During h... ...passage but at the root of it all is David's humanity. Though David was anointed and a â€Å"man after God's own heart†, he made many mistakes. This passage shows that David was not perfectly in tune with God's voice at all times. David did something God clearly did not want him to do, and did not realize the consequences until after the sin had already been committed. However, even though David did sin, and his sin was punished, he had a heart of repentance when he realized what he had done and was willing to make things right at all costs. Theologically, the lesson that should be drawn from this is that it was not David's actions which made him great, but his heart to please God, and even greater, God's heart of mercy towards him. If it had not been for God's intervention, David would have been nothing more but another man.